MySQL中如果发生死锁该如何解决

重点

自动检测与回滚

MySQL自带死锁检测机制（innodb_deadlock_detect），当检测到死锁时，数据库会回滚其中一个事务，来解除死锁。
通常会回滚事务中持有最少资源的那个。

手动kill

通过 KILL <process_id> 来手动kill掉一个事务。

如何查看死锁日志

通过 SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS 来查看死锁日志。

------------------------
LATEST DETECTED DEADLOCK
------------------------
170219 13:31:31
*** (1) TRANSACTION:
TRANSACTION 2A8BD, ACTIVE 11 sec starting index read
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 376, 1 row lock(s)
MySQL thread id 448218, OS thread handle 0x2abe5fb5d700, query id 18923238 renjun.fangcloud.net 121.41.41.92 root updating
delete from test where a = 2
*** (1) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:
RECORD LOCKS space id 0 page no 923 n bits 80 index `a` of table `oauthdemo`.`test` trx id 2A8BD lock_mode X waiting
Record lock, heap no 3 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 2; compact format; info bits 32
 0: len 4; hex 00000002; asc ;;
 1: len 4; hex 00000002; asc ;;
*** (2) TRANSACTION:
TRANSACTION 2A8BC, ACTIVE 18 sec inserting
mysql tables in use 1, locked 1
4 lock struct(s), heap size 1248, 3 row lock(s), undo log entries 2
MySQL thread id 448217, OS thread handle 0x2abe5fd65700, query id 18923239 renjun.fangcloud.net 121.41.41.92 root update
insert into test (id,a) values (10,2)
*** (2) HOLDS THE LOCK(S):
RECORD LOCKS space id 0 page no 923 n bits 80 index `a` of table `oauthdemo`.`test` trx id 2A8BC lock_mode X locks rec but not gap
Record lock, heap no 3 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 2; compact format; info bits 32
 0: len 4; hex 00000002; asc ;;
 1: len 4; hex 00000002; asc ;;
*** (2) WAITING FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED:
RECORD LOCKS space id 0 page no 923 n bits 80 index `a` of table `oauthdemo`.`test` trx id 2A8BC lock mode S waiting
Record lock, heap no 3 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 2; compact format; info bits 32
 0: len 4; hex 00000002; asc ;;
 1: len 4; hex 00000002; asc ;;
*** WE ROLL BACK TRANSACTION (1)

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